Apparently, AV-Test tested MacKeeper in June 2017, and they found that MacKeeper was able to detect 85.9% of malware samples. For the reference, the industry average is 97.5%. So AV-Test gave MacKeeper a score 0 (zero) out of 6 when it comes to malware detection. MacKeeper 911 is the App Store version of MacKeeper. It is not a rip-off of MacKeeper, it's a version that has been limited to allow its inclusion in the App Store. Both are made by the same unethical developer, and both have the potential to do damage (though the App Store version actually has less potential, due to the sandboxing imposed on.

Shodan is a search engine that lets the user find specific types of computers (webcams, routers, servers, etc.) connected to the internet using a variety of filters. Some have also described it as a search engine of service banners, which are metadata that the server sends back to the client.^[1] This can be information about the server software, what options the service supports, a welcome message or anything else that the client can find out before interacting with the server.

Shodan collects data mostly on web servers (HTTP/HTTPS – ports 80, 8080, 443, 8443), as well as FTP (port 21), SSH (port 22), Telnet (port 23), SNMP (port 161), IMAP (ports 143, or (encrypted) 993), SMTP (port 25), SIP (port 5060),^[2] and Real Time Streaming Protocol (RTSP, port 554). The latter can be used to access webcams and their video stream.^[3]

It was launched in 2009 by computer programmer John Matherly, who, in 2003,^[4] conceived the idea of searching devices linked to the Internet.^[5] The name Shodan is a reference to SHODAN, a character from the System Shock video game series.^[4]

Background[edit]

The website began as Matherly's pet project, based on the fact that large numbers of devices and computer systems are connected to the Internet. Shodan has since been used to find systems including control systems for water plants, power grids and a cyclotron.^[5][6]

Media coverage[edit]

In May 2013, CNN Money released an article detailing how Shodan can be used to find dangerous systems on the Internet, including traffic light controls. They show screenshots of those systems, which provided the warning banner 'DEATH MAY OCCUR !!!' upon connecting.^[7]

In September 2013, Shodan was referenced in a Forbes article claiming it was used in order to find the security flaws in TRENDnet security cameras.^[8] The next day, Forbes followed up with a second article talking about the types of things that can be found using Shodan. This included Caterpillar trucks whose onboard monitoring systems were accessible, heating and security control systems for banks, universities, and corporate giants, surveillance cameras, and fetal heart monitors.^[9]

In December 2015, various news outlets, including Ars Technica, reported that a security researcher used Shodan to identify accessible MongoDB databases on thousands of systems, including one hosted by Kromtech, the developer of the MacOS security tool MacKeeper.^[10]

Usage[edit]

The website crawls the Internet for publicly accessible devices, concentrating on SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition) systems.^[11] Shodan currently returns 10 results to users without an account and 50 to those with one. If users want to remove the restriction, they are required to provide a reason and pay a fee.^[6] The primary users of Shodan are cybersecurity professionals, researchers and law enforcement agencies. While cybercriminals can also use the website, some typically have access to botnets that could accomplish the same task without detection.^[6]

Popular culture[edit]

Shodan was featured on the American drama series Mr. Robot in October 2017.^[12]Referenced in MacGyver 2016 Season1, Episode 1

References[edit]

1. ^'SHODAN Help'. SHODAN. Retrieved 21 June 2013.CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link)
2. ^'SHODAN FAQ'. SHODAN. Retrieved 21 June 2013.CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link)
3. ^Shodan: The IoT search engine for watching sleeping kids and bedroom antics
4. ^ ^abO’Harrow Jr, Robert (June 3, 2012). 'Search engine exposes industrial-sized dangers'. Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved April 10, 2013.CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link)
5. ^ ^abO’Harrow Jr, Robert (June 3, 2012). 'Cyber search engine Shodan exposes industrial control systems to new risks'. Washington Post. Retrieved January 9, 2020.CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link)
6. ^ ^abcGoldman, David (April 8, 2013). 'Shodan: The scariest search engine on the Internet'. CNN Money. Retrieved April 8, 2013.CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link)
7. ^Goldman, David (May 2, 2013). 'Shodan finds the Internet's most dangerous spots'. CNN Money. Retrieved June 21, 2013.CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link)
8. ^Hill, Kashmir. 'Camera Company That Let Hackers Spy On Naked Customers Ordered By FTC To Get Its Security Act Together'. Retrieved 2013-10-17.CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link)
9. ^Hill, Kashmir. 'The Crazy Things A Savvy Shodan Searcher Can Find Exposed On The Internet'. Retrieved 2013-10-17.CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link)
10. ^Degeler, Andrii. '13 million MacKeeper users exposed after MongoDB door was left open'.
11. ^Brinkmann, Martin (April 9, 2013). 'Shodan, a search engine for vulnerable Internet devices'. ghacks.net. Retrieved April 9, 2013.CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link)
12. ^''Mr. Robot' Rewind: Hacking a DEF CON CTF in the lights out season 3 premiere'. GeekWire. 2017-10-17. Retrieved 2018-05-17.

External links[edit]

• Official website

You can easily compile PDF files into one no matter how many they are, there may be two, three or even hundred. Here you will see the 3 ways by which you can merge multiple PDF files into one. You can compile PDF online, offline or downloading the PDF tool on your system.

Before going further, I recommend you to use Adobe Acrobat Reader Pro which is paid tool but worth if you are working on regular basis. Other alternatives are Nitro Pro, PDFelement which are comparatively cheaper and have great features.

• Must see: How to add header and footer to PDF file

3 Best Ways to Compile PDF Files Into One

1. Online method

To compile your PDF file into one PDF file with using online method, you just need an active internet connection. This method works well on all Operating System. All you need to have to check some simple steps.

STEP 1: On your internet browser open PDF Merge website.

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STEP 2: After opening this website, you will see many options to select the file. Individually select all and choose your file you wish to compile. If you are having more files to merge then simply click More files option.

STEP 3: Once done with successfully uploading the files to merge into one, click on Merge button. Hold for some time and compilation will start processing.

STEP 4: After the merge processing gets completed the new page will open, download the file and this will be your final PDF file.

Hope this works well for you, but sometimes there is a problem with internet connectivity or you are traveling somewhere then you may go for an Offline method. Let us see how you can use the offline method to compile PDF files into one single PDF.

2. Offline method

For an offline method, you must have software if you want to create a single PDF file, once you installed the software successfully you will not require an internet connection. Let us see how?

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STEP 1: Open PDFSAM official website and download the software. You can manually select the OS that you have. Installed it on your computer once download completed.

STEP 2: Launch PDFSAM and select Create Tab from the top and select Merge Files Option.

STEP 3: The new window will open, you can simply drag and drop the file or you may browse the file from PDFSAM itself. Do what you like and make some manual settings.

STEP 4: Hit Merge File button, after the processing completes choose the desired location where you want to save your PDF file.

You are done with these simple steps. Now if you still need better than above methods, then I must recommend you to see the third method. This is the best among all but for this, you have to spend some money. Let us see how this method works.

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3. Using Wondershare PDFElement

Wondershare PDFElement is one of the best and cheapest option in competition to Adobe. Buying premium version is always better option to optimize your PDF. Let us quickly see how.

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STEP 1: Purchase Wondershare PDFElement, download it and launch this on your PC.

STEP 2: You will see the option Combine PDF.

STEP 3: Now click Add File option. Here you will get different options. Suppose if you are having many PDF files and that PDF files too have many pages, even then you can manually extract pages an make one single PDF by selecting Page Range.

You can also select the output option where you wish to save your final PDF file, for this click on Browse button. Now click Next option to start compiling your PDF into one.

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I hope you find this tutorial about 3 Best Ways to Compile PDF Files Into One (Online & Offline) useful. Keep in touch with us for more useful information on social media Facebook, Twitter and Google+